Khác biệt giữa bản sửa đổi của “Sơ cứu/Phân loại nạn nhân”
Nội dung được xóa Nội dung được thêm vào
nKhông có tóm lược sửa đổi |
|||
Dòng 14:
In most field situations, the walking wounded are numerous. For each particular injury, a lightly-injured person can be deputized to perform a particular first-aid action for a particular severely-injured person. For example, the first aid person might say "You. Put your hand on this wound, and press so hard that the blood stops. Like this. (demonstrates) Thanks." The START system (Simple Triage and Rapid Treatment) presented below is one system used by prehospital responders and trained volunteers at the scene of a mass casualty incident.
In advanced triage, [[medical doctor|doctors]] may decide that some severely injured people should not receive care because they are unlikely to survive. The available care is then directed to those with some hope of survival. This clearly has [[medical ethics|ethical]] implications as treatment is intentionally withheld from some people with a small chance of survival so that others with a better chance are more likely to survive. In the UK and the rest of Europe, the criteria used for this category of patient is a trauma score of consistently at or below 3 (<3). This can be determined by using the revised trauma score (RTS), a medically validated scoring system incorporated in "Cruciform", one of the modern triage tags used in the UK.
== The necessity of triage ==
Dòng 31:
It may serve as an instructive example, and has been (2003) taught to California emergency workers for use in earthquakes. It was developed at Hoag Hospital in [[Newport Beach, California]] for use by emergency services in [[Orange County, California]]. It has been field-proven in mass casualty incidents such as train wrecks and bus accidents, though it was developed for use by [[community emergency response team|CERT]]s and [[firemen]] after earthquakes.
Triage separates the injured into four groups: The '''DECEASED''' who are beyond help, the injured who can be helped by '''IMMEDIATE''' transportation, the injured whose transport can be '''DELAYED''', and those with '''MINOR''' injuries—the '''walking wounded''' who need help less urgently. Other regions may use different designations. Use the designations of your area!
In the UK and Europe, triage is similar to the USA, but the categories used are "DEAD", those who are pronounced as such by a medically qualified person or paramedics who is legally qualified to pronounce death, the "IMMEDIATE" category, who have a trauma score of 3 to 10 (RTS) and need immediate attention, the "URGENT" category, who have a trauma score of 10 or 11 and can wait for a short time before transport to definitive medical attention and "DELAYED" patients, who have a trauma score of 12 (maximum score) and can be delayed before transport from the scene. As previously referred to, the "Cruciform" system has with it a triage sieve document which gives immediate assistance in categorising patients into the various categories, by using a simple flow chart based on medically validated criteria.
:'''Only perform triage for two or more injured persons. For a single [[injury]], always perform [[first aid]]!'''
Hàng 131 ⟶ 132:
== External links ==
* [http://www.emsmagazine.com/articles/emsarts/triage.html Prehospital Triage]
* [http://www.cwc-services.com
[[Category:Medical emergencies]]
| |||