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{{../..Muggles' Guide to Harry Potter/Magic|
name=Expecto Patronum|
type=Spell|
features=Creates a Patronus|
appearance=[[../..Muggles' Guide to Harry Potter/Books/Prisoner of Azkaban|Harry Potter and the The Prisoner of Azkaban]]|}}
 
== Overview ==
 
'''''Expecto Patronum''''', or the Patronus Charm, will cast a Patronus. A Patronus is a silvery magical being that takes the shape of an animal. This spell is used to ward off the [[..Muggles' Guide to Harry Potter/Magic/Dementor|Dementors]], which are the guardians of [[../..Muggles' Guide to Harry Potter/Places/Azkaban|Azkaban]].
 
== Extended Description ==
 
{{../..Muggles' Guide to Harry Potter/Beginner Spoiler}}
 
[[../..Muggles' Guide to Harry Potter/Characters/Harry Potter|Harry]] learns this spell from [[../..Muggles' Guide to Harry Potter/Characters/Remus_Lupin|Remus Lupin]] in [[../..Muggles' Guide to Harry Potter/Books/Prisoner of Azkaban/Chapter 12|Harry Potter and the Prisoner of Azkaban]]. Harry's ability to cast a corporeal Patronus in his third year of magical studies shows his ability as a wizard, as it is a very advanced spell which is thought to be too difficult for underage wizards. In his fifth year, when Harry takes his [[../..Muggles' Guide to Harry Potter/Major Events/OWL exams|OWLs]], his Charms examiner offers him an extra point if he can produce a corporeal Patronus. A point, or a letter grade, would be worth about 15% of his total marks, so achieving this one charm is seen as quite valuable.
 
The primary purpose of the Patronus, as mentioned, is as defence against Dementors. Professor Lupin describes it thus: "... a kind of anti-Dementor – a guardian which acts as a shield between you and the Dementor." And: "The Patronus is a kind of positive force, a projection of the very things that the Dementor feeds upon – hope, happiness, the desire to survive – but it cannot feel despair, as real humans can, so Dementors can't hurt it." Presumably, the Dementor, finding that the being confronting it does not suffer as a human would, retreats in confusion. It's possible that Patronuses can also charge at the Dementors; though the Patronus may have no physical body, the Dementor, being sightless, cannot see that, all it can sense is this emotional blast furnace, which is charging at it, and it will retreat to save itself.
 
We also see the Patronus used as a signaling spell when [[../..Muggles' Guide to Harry Potter/Characters/Albus Dumbledore|Professor Dumbledore]] sends for [[../..Muggles' Guide to Harry Potter/Characters/Rubeus Hagrid|Hagrid]] in [[../..Muggles' Guide to Harry Potter/Books/Goblet of Fire/Chapter 28|Harry Potter and the Goblet of Fire]], and also when [[../..Muggles' Guide to Harry Potter/Characters/Nymphadora Tonks|Tonks]] sends up a Patronus to summon someone from within the school to open the gates in [[Muggles' Guide to Harry Potter/Books/Half-Blood Prince/Chapter 8|Harry Potter and the Half-Blood Prince]]. [http://www.jkrowling.com/textonly/en/faq_view.cfm?id=99 According to the author], use of the Patronus as a communications device was pioneered by Dumbledore and is used exclusively by members of the Order of the Phoenix.
 
The shape of a corporeal Patronus is significantly influenced by the personality of the caster. Harry's is a stag; Dumbledore's is a phoenix; Tonks, in ''Harry Potter and the Half-Blood Prince'', is "something large and hairy", and has apparently changed recently. Members of Dumbledore's Army are also, some of them, able to conjure Patronuses by their last lesson: [[../..Muggles' Guide to Harry Potter/Characters/Cho Chang|Cho Chang]]'s is a swan, for instance, while [[../..Muggles' Guide to Harry Potter/Characters/Hermione Granger|Hermione]]'s is an otter.
 
Literal Latin translation: I desire my patron.
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== Questions ==
 
#Harry's Patronus is a Stag. His father's [[..Muggles' Guide to Harry Potter/Magic/Animagus/]] form is also a stag. We know from the description of the Animagus that the form the wizard takes when transformed is related to his personality. Are Patronuses and Animagus Forms related? Does this pass from father to son?
 
== Greater Picture ==
 
{{../..Muggles' Guide to Harry Potter/Intermediate Spoiler}}
[[Category:Muggles' Guide to Harry Potter]]